Tracing the motion of the electrons on their characteristic timescale provides an effective way to identify and understand the essential features of many ultrafast photophysics and photochemical processes. Among attosecond metrology techniques, the attoclock holds particular significance due to its self-referencing and compatibility with femtosecond lasers [1,2]. In this talk, we will present our recent advancements in probing ultrafast electron dynamics of atoms and molecules with improved attoclock schemes, such as molecular attoclock with all ionic-fragments detection [3] and PG-attoclock with polarization-gated few-cycle pulses employed [4].
[1] P. Eckle, et al., Nat. Phys. 4, 565 (2008); P. Eckle, et al., Science 322,1525 (2008). [3] W. Quan, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 123, 223204 (2019). [4] Y. L. Wang, et al., Phys. Rev. A 98, 043422 (2018); R. P. Sun, et al., Phys. Rev. A 105, L021103 (2022); Y. L. Wang, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. (to be published).